An ICO is a fundraising operation for a project through the sale of cryptographic tokens. The tokens are sold at a discount and later on may be used within the project or sold for a profit. ICOs are unregulated and hold a lot of risk for uneducated investors.
Altcoins, as alternative currencies to Bitcoin. There are four main factors to take into account when evaluating a cryptocurrency – Adoption, security, innovation, and incentives.
That's ICOs and altcoins in a nutshell. For a more detailed explanation keep on watching the video, here's what I'll cover: